{"id":31189,"date":"2017-07-14T16:50:06","date_gmt":"2017-07-14T13:50:06","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/archive.qafilah.com\/ar\/?p=31189"},"modified":"2017-07-14T21:15:22","modified_gmt":"2017-07-14T18:15:22","slug":"%d9%85%d8%a7-%d8%a8%d8%b9%d8%af-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%ad%d8%af%d8%a7%d8%ab%d8%a9","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/archive.qafilah.com\/ar\/%d9%85%d8%a7-%d8%a8%d8%b9%d8%af-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%ad%d8%af%d8%a7%d8%ab%d8%a9\/","title":{"rendered":"\u0645\u0627 \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u0627\u062b\u0629"},"content":{"rendered":"

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 <\/p>\n

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\n
\n\u0645\u0627 \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u0627\u062b\u0629
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\"\"<\/a>\u0623 \u2013 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0639\u062a\u0642\u0627\u062f \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u062f\u064f\u0651\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0628\u0634\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u062d\u0648\u0627\u0644 \u0628\u062f\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0635\u0639\u0648\u062f\u0627\u064b \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0631\u0627\u062d\u0644 \u0645\u062a\u0642\u062f\u0650\u0651\u0645\u0629. \u0648\u0623\u0646\u0647 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0645\u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0646\u0628\u0627\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u062d\u0631\u0650\u0651\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e. \u0648\u0623\u0646\u0647 \u0628\u0648\u0627\u0633\u0637\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0642\u0644 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u064a\u0642\u062f\u0650\u0651\u0645\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u0646\u0648\u0644\u0648\u062c\u0640\u064a\u0627\u060c \u064a\u0633\u062a\u0637\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0633\u0640\u0640\u0627\u0646 \u062a\u0633\u0631\u064a\u0639 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0640\u0640\u062f\u0645 \u0646\u062d\u0648 \u0645\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0633\u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 “\u062d\u062a\u0645\u0627\u064b” \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0625\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0639\u062f\u0644\u0627\u064b \u0648\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0646\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0632\u062f\u0647\u0627\u0631\u0627\u064b.<\/p>\n

\u064a\u0642\u0648\u0644 \u0644\u064a\u0648\u062a\u0627\u0631\u062f \u0625\u0646 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0631\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0644\u064a\u0633\u062a \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0635\u062d\u064a\u062d\u0629 \u0641\u0642\u0637\u060c \u0628\u0644 \u062e\u0628\u064a\u062b\u0629 \u0648\u062e\u0637\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u0644\u0623\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u062a\u0641\u0631\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0623\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0627\u062d\u062f \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0633\u062c\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0643\u0631\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062e\u0637\u0627\u0628\u064a\u060c \u0648\u062a\u0642\u0645\u0639 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0622\u062e\u0631\u064a\u0646 \u0648\u062a\u0633\u0643\u062a\u0647\u0645.<\/p>\n

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\"\"<\/a><\/p>\n

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\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0641\u0629 \u0623\u0635\u0628\u062d\u062a \u0633\u0644\u0639\u0629!<\/strong>
\n\"\"<\/a>\u064a\u0635\u0641 \u0644\u064a\u0648\u062a\u0627\u0631\u062f \u0641\u064a \u0643\u062a\u0627\u0628\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0647\u064a\u0631 “\u062d\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0645\u0627 \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u0627\u062b\u0629”(1979) \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0641\u0629 \u0628\u0623\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0644\u0645 \u062a\u0639\u062f \u062d\u0627\u062c\u0629 \u0628\u062d\u062f\u0651 \u0630\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0627\u060c \u0628\u0644 \u0623\u0635\u0628\u062d\u062a \u0633\u0644\u0639\u0629 \u0643\u0628\u0627\u0642\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0639. \u0648\u062a\u062f\u0627\u0648\u0644\u0647\u0627 \u064a\u062e\u0636\u0639 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0624\u062b\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0646\u0641\u0633\u0647\u0627\u060c \u062e\u0627\u0635\u0629 \u062a\u0623\u062b\u064a\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0627 \u0628\u0639\u062f \u062d\u062f\u0627\u062b\u064a\u0629 (\u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u0627\u0628\u0647 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u062d\u0631\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b \u063a\u0648\u063a\u0644 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0633\u0648\u0628\u0631\u0645\u0627\u0631\u0643\u062a). \u0648\u064a\u0642\u0648\u0644 \u0625\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u0646\u0648\u0644\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u062f\u064a\u062f\u0629 \u0648\u0645\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 (\u0644\u0645 \u064a\u0643\u0646 \u062a\u0639\u0628\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u0646\u0648\u0644\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0643\u064a\u0629 \u0642\u062f \u0627\u0646\u062a\u0634\u0631) \u0642\u062f \u0623\u0646\u0647\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0643\u0633\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0641\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645. \u0644\u0642\u062f \u0623\u0635\u0628\u062d\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0641\u0629 \u0645\u062a\u0648\u0641\u0631\u0629 \u0643\u0633\u0644\u0639\u0629 \u0648\u062a\u062e\u0636\u0639 \u0644\u0642\u0648\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0648\u0642\u060c \u0623\u064a \u0625\u0646\u0647 \u0644\u0645 \u062a\u0639\u062f \u0644\u0647\u0627 \u0642\u064a\u0645\u062a\u0627\u0646 \u0641\u0642\u0637 \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0639\u0635\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u0627\u062b\u0629\u060c \u0623\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0628\u0627\u062f\u0644\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0628\u0644 \u0623\u0636\u064a\u0641\u062a \u0625\u0644\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0644\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u062b\u0644 “\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0631\u0643\u0629” \u0648\u063a\u064a\u0631\u0647\u0627. \u0648\u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u062f\u064a\u062f\u0629 \u0647\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0647\u0645\u060c \u0648\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u0647\u0627 \u064a\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644 \u0648\u064a\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0645\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0647\u0644\u0627\u0643 \u0645\u0627 \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u0627\u062b\u064a\u060c \u0648\u062a\u062a\u0645\u062d\u0648\u0631 \u062d\u0648\u0644\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062d\u064a\u0627\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0635\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062d\u0633\u0628 \u0642\u0648\u0644\u0647.
\n
\n\u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0642\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0628\u064a
\n“\u0645\u0648\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0644\u0641”<\/strong>
\n\"\"<\/a>\u0641\u064a \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0634\u0647\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u0648\u0646\u0645\u0648\u0630\u062c\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0623\u0641\u0643\u0627\u0631 \u0645\u0627 \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u0627\u062b\u0629\u060c \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0628 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0642\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0628\u064a\u060c \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0623\u062b\u064e\u0651\u0631 \u0628\u0647\u0627 \u0644\u0627\u062d\u0642\u0627\u064b \u0643\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u0631\u0649\u060c \u0648\u062a\u062d\u062a \u0639\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0646 “\u0645\u0648\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0644\u0641” (1967) \u064a\u0648\u0631\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0641\u064a\u0644\u0633\u0648\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0646\u0633\u064a \u0631\u0648\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062f \u0628\u0627\u0631\u062a \u0627\u0642\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0633\u0627\u064b \u0645\u0646 \u0631\u0648\u0627\u064a\u0629 “\u0623\u0648\u0646\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0647 \u062f\u0648 \u0628\u064e\u0644\u0632\u0627\u0643”\u060c “\u0633\u0627\u0631\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0646” (1830) \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0644\u0633\u0627\u0646 \u0628\u0637\u0644\u0647\u0627\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u064a\u0635\u0641 \u0627\u0645\u0631\u0623\u0629 \u062f\u0648\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0623\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0644\u064a\u0633\u062a \u0627\u0645\u0631\u0623\u0629\u060c \u0628\u0644 \u0631\u062c\u0644\u0627\u064b \u0645\u062a\u0646\u0643\u0631\u0627\u064b \u0628\u0632\u064a \u0627\u0645\u0631\u0623\u0629\u060c: “\u0644\u0642\u062f \u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u0627\u0645\u0631\u0623\u0629 \u0628\u0645\u062e\u0627\u0648\u0641\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u0627\u062c\u0626\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0646\u0632\u0648\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0642\u0648\u0644\u0629\u060c \u0628\u0645\u062e\u0627\u0648\u0641\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0631\u064a\u0632\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0628\u062a\u0628\u062c\u0651\u062d\u0647\u0627 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u0631\u064e\u0651\u0631\u060c \u0628\u062c\u0631\u0623\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0634\u0639\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0630\u064a\u0630 \u0628\u0631\u0642\u062a\u0647\u0627”. \u0648\u064a\u062a\u0633\u0627\u0621\u0644 \u0628\u0627\u0631\u062a “\u0645\u0646 \u064a\u062a\u062d\u062f\u064e\u0651\u062b \u0628\u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642\u0629\u061f \u0647\u0644 \u0647\u0648 \u0628\u0637\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0648\u0627\u064a\u0629\u061f \u0647\u0644 \u0647\u0648 \u0628\u0644\u0632\u0627\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u0648\u0647\u0628\u062a\u0647 \u062e\u0628\u0631\u062a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u062e\u0635\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u0644\u0633\u0641\u0629 \u062d\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0623\u0629\u061f \u0647\u0644 \u0647\u0648 \u0628\u0644\u0632\u0627\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0644\u0641 \u064a\u0643\u062a\u0628 \u0623\u0641\u0643\u0627\u0631\u0627\u064b “\u0623\u062f\u0628\u064a\u0629” \u062d\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0648\u062b\u0629\u061f \u0647\u0644 \u0647\u064a \u062d\u0643\u0645\u0629 \u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0646\u0641\u0633 \u0631\u0648\u0645\u0627\u0646\u0633\u064a\u061f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u062d\u064a\u0644 \u0623\u0646 \u0646\u0639\u0631\u0641.<\/p>\n

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\u0648\u0627\u0644\u062c\u062f\u064a\u0631 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0630\u0643\u0631 \u0623\u0646 \u0639\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0646 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0644\u0629\u060c \u0623\u064a “\u0645\u0648\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0644\u0641” \u0623\u0635\u0628\u062d \u0642\u0648\u0644\u0627\u064b \u0645\u0623\u062b\u0648\u0631\u0627\u064b\u060c \u0644\u0627 \u0628\u0644 \u0627\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0631\u0647 \u0643\u062b\u064a\u0631\u0648\u0646 \u0639\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0646\u0627\u064b \u0644\u0645\u0631\u062d\u0644\u0629 \u0645\u0627 \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u0627\u062b\u0629.<\/p>\n

\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0646 \u0630\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0635\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0639\u0628\u064a<\/strong>
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\n\"\"<\/a>\u062a\u0646\u0638\u0631 \u0645\u0627 \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u0627\u062b\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0635\u0631\u0629 \u0628\u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641\u0629 \u0643\u0644\u064a\u0627\u064b \u0639\u0645\u0627 \u0639\u0647\u062f\u0646\u0627\u0647. \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0644 \u0623\u0646 \u0643\u062b\u064a\u0631\u0627\u064b \u0645\u0646 \u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0633\u0648\u064a\u0642 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0639\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0648\u063a\u064a\u0631\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062b\u064a\u0631\u060c \u0628\u062f\u0623\u062a \u0645\u0646\u0630 \u0641\u062a\u0631\u0629 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0642\u0635\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0623\u062b\u0631 \u0628\u0639\u0645\u0642 \u0628\u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0631\u064a\u0627\u062a. \u062e\u0627\u0635\u0629 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062a\u0634\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0627\u0633\u0639 \u0644\u0644\u0647\u0648\u0627\u062a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0643\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0642\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0635\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a\u060c \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0628\u062f\u0623\u062a \u062a\u062f\u0641\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0645\u0629 \u0643\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0644\u0641\u0632\u064a\u0648\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0646\u0645\u0627 \u0648\u0625\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0648\u0627\u0631\u0639 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0631\u0627\u0621.<\/p>\n

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\u0644\u0642\u062f \u0623\u0635\u0628\u062d\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0641\u0629 \u0645\u062a\u0648\u0641\u0631\u0629 \u0643\u0633\u0644\u0639\u0629 \u0648\u062a\u062e\u0636\u0639 \u0644\u0642\u0648\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0648\u0642\u060c \u0623\u064a \u0625\u0646\u0647 \u0644\u0645 \u062a\u0639\u062f \u0644\u0647\u0627 \u0642\u064a\u0645\u062a\u0627\u0646 \u0641\u0642\u0637 \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0639\u0635\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u0627\u062b\u0629\u060c \u0623\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0628\u0627\u062f\u0644\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0628\u0644 \u0623\u0636\u064a\u0641\u062a \u0625\u0644\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0644\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u062b\u0644 “\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0631\u0643\u0629” \u0648\u063a\u064a\u0631\u0647\u0627.<\/div>\n

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\n
\n\"\"<\/a>\u062a\u0623\u062b\u064a\u0631\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0627\u0642\u0639\u064a\u0629
\n“\u0645\u0627 \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642\u0629” \u0648 “\u062a\u062d\u0648\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645”<\/strong>
\n\u0644\u0645 \u062a\u0639\u062f \u062a\u0623\u062b\u064a\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0627 \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u0627\u062b\u0629 \u0645\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0631\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0623\u0645\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0628\u0639\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u0643\u0631\u064a\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0644\u0627\u0633\u0641\u0629 \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u0628\u062f\u0627\u064a\u062a\u0647\u0627. \u0628\u0644 \u062a\u0631\u0643\u062a \u062a\u0623\u062b\u064a\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0639\u0645\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u064a\u0627\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0623\u0646\u062d\u0627\u0621 \u0645\u062a\u0639\u062f\u0650\u0651\u062f\u0629. \u0648\u0645\u0646 \u062f\u0648\u0646 \u0625\u0635\u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0623\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u062d\u0643\u0627\u0645 \u0642\u064a\u0645\u0629\u060c \u0633\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u0623\u0645 \u0625\u064a\u062c\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0646\u0648\u0631\u062f \u0645\u062b\u0644\u064a\u0646 \u062d\u064a\u064a\u0646 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0630\u0644\u0643:<\/p>\n

\u0641\u0642\u062f \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0627\u0631 \u0642\u0627\u0645\u0648\u0633 \u0623\u0643\u0633\u0641\u0648\u0631\u062f \u0643\u0644\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0646\u0629 \u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645 2016 \u062a\u0639\u0628\u064a\u0631 “\u0645\u0627 \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642\u0629” (Post Truth)\u060c \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0632\u0627\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0631\u064a\u0639 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0644\u0647. \u0648\u062c\u0627\u0621 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0628\u0631\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u062c\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0627\u0631\u062a\u0647 \u0623\u0646 “\u0627\u0644\u0648\u0642\u0627\u0626\u0639 (\u0623\u0635\u0628\u062d\u062a) \u0623\u0642\u0644 \u062a\u0623\u062b\u064a\u0631\u0627\u064b \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0634\u0643\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0623\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0639\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0637\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0646\u0627\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0634\u062e\u0635\u064a\u0629”.<\/p>\n

\u0623\u0645\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0641\u0647\u0648 \u062a\u0631\u0628\u0648\u064a \u0648\u0645\u062f\u0631\u0633\u064a. \u0641\u0642\u062f \u0627\u0646\u0639\u0642\u062f \u0641\u064a \u0646\u0648\u0641\u0645\u0628\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0636\u064a \u0645\u0624\u062a\u0645\u0631\u0627\u064b \u062a\u0631\u0628\u0648\u064a\u0627\u064b \u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0642\u0634\u0629 \u0645\u0634\u0643\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u062f\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u062d\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0631\u0648\u0628\u064a\u060c \u0634\u0627\u0631\u0643 \u0641\u064a\u0647 \u0645\u0645\u062b\u0644\u0648\u0646 \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u062a\u0630\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a\u0646 \u0639\u0631\u0636\u0648\u0627 \u0645\u0644\u0627\u062d\u0638\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0645 \u062d\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0648\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0637\u0631\u0623\u062a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0644\u0628 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645\u060c \u0648\u0645\u0641\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u064a\u0648\u0645 \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641\u0648\u0646 \u0639\u0646 \u0635\u0648\u0631\u062a\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0628\u0642\u0629: \u0625\u0646\u0647\u0645 \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0647\u062a\u0645\u0648\u0646 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0648\u0642\u0627\u0626\u0639 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0642\u0627\u0626\u0642 \u0628\u062d\u062f\u0651 \u0630\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0627. \u0641\u0641\u064a \u0645\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e \u0645\u062b\u0644\u0627\u064b\u060c \u064a\u0623\u062a\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0635\u0644 \u0648\u0642\u062f \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0639\u062f \u0628\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0635\u064a\u0644 \u0641\u062a\u0648\u062d\u0627\u062a \u0646\u0627\u0628\u0644\u064a\u0648\u0646 \u0628\u0648\u0646\u0627\u0628\u0631\u062a \u0648\u0645\u0632\u0648\u062f\u0627\u064b \u0628\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e\u0647\u0627 \u0648\u0645\u0633\u0627\u0631\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0642\u062a\u0627\u0644 \u0648\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0648\u0645\u0639\u0646\u0648\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0646\u0648\u062f\u060c \u0644\u064a\u0641\u0627\u062c\u0626\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0628 \u0628\u0627\u0647\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0645\u0647\u0640\u0640\u0645 \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0628\u0633\u0644\u0648\u0643\u064a\u0640\u0627\u062a \u0646\u0627\u0628\u0644\u064a\u0648\u0646 \u0648\u0630\u0648\u0642\u0647 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u062e\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0632\u0648\u062c\u0627\u062a\u0647.<\/p>\n

\u0648\u0642\u062f \u0639\u0631\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0646 \u0623\u064a\u0636\u0627\u064b \u0646\u0645\u0627\u0630\u062c \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0648\u0636\u0648\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0623\u062e\u0631\u0649 \u062a\u0628\u064a\u0650\u0651\u0646 \u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639\u0647\u0627 \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0644\u0627\u0645\u0630\u0629 \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0647\u062a\u0645\u0648\u0646 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0648\u0642\u0627\u0626\u0639 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0642\u0627\u0626\u0642 \u0648\u0623\u0647\u0645\u064a\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0635\u0646\u0627\u0639\u0629 \u062d\u0627\u0636\u0631\u0646\u0627\u060c \u0628\u0644 \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u062d\u064a\u0637 \u0628\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0642\u0635\u0635 \u0648\u0634\u0627\u0626\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0623\u0642\u0627\u0648\u064a\u0644 \u0648\u0625\u0635\u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062d\u0643\u0627\u0645 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0636\u0627\u064a\u0627 \u0628\u0645\u0648\u062c\u0628\u0647\u0627. \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u0644\u0627\u062d\u0638\u0648\u0627 \u0623\u0646 \u0623\u062c\u0648\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0628 \u0639\u0646 \u0623\u0633\u0626\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0645\u062a\u062d\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0644\u0645 \u062a\u0639\u062f \u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0648\u0635\u0641\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0628\u0644 \u0625\u0635\u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0623\u062d\u0643\u0627\u0645 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0642\u0627\u0626\u0642\u060c \u0623\u062d\u0643\u0627\u0645 \u062a\u0641\u0636\u062d \u0648\u062a\u0634\u0648\u0651\u0647 \u062f\u0648\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0639\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627 \u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u062d\u064a\u062b\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u062d\u0643\u0645\u0648\u0646 \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647.<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"“\u0645\u0627 \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u0627\u062b\u0629” \u062a\u0639\u0628\u064a\u0631 \u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639 \u0644\u062d\u0631\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0641\u0643\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u062b\u0642\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0641\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0646\u0634\u0623\u062a \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a …","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":31195,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_monsterinsights_skip_tracking":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_active":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_note":"","_monsterinsights_sitenote_category":0},"categories":[59],"tags":[],"acf":[],"jetpack_featured_media_url":"https:\/\/archive.qafilah.com\/ar\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/07\/Alan-Sokal.jpg","_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/archive.qafilah.com\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/31189"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/archive.qafilah.com\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/archive.qafilah.com\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/archive.qafilah.com\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/archive.qafilah.com\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=31189"}],"version-history":[{"count":4,"href":"https:\/\/archive.qafilah.com\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/31189\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":31209,"href":"https:\/\/archive.qafilah.com\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/31189\/revisions\/31209"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/archive.qafilah.com\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/31195"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/archive.qafilah.com\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=31189"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/archive.qafilah.com\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=31189"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/archive.qafilah.com\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=31189"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}