![\"92353\"](\"https:\/\/archive.qafilah.com\/ar\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/03\/92353.jpg\")
<\/a>\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0627\u062c\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062b\u0631\u064a\u0629\n\u062a\u0623\u0644\u064a\u0641: \u062d\u0633\u0646 \u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0647\u0627\u0628
\n\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u0634\u0631:
\n\u0627\u0644\u0647\u064a\u0626\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0644\u0642\u0635\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u0627\u0641\u0629\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0647\u0631\u0629 2014<\/strong><\/p>\n
\u062a\u062a\u0636\u0645\u0646 \u0628\u062f\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0627\u0628 \u062a\u0646\u0648\u064a\u0647\u0627\u064b \u0628\u062c\u0647\u0648\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0643 \u0641\u0627\u0631\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u0631\u0639\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u062b\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u062e\u0627\u0635\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0627\u062c\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0646\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0644\u062d\u0642 \u0628\u0647\u0627 \u0641\u0648\u0631 \u0648\u0636\u0639\u0647\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062e\u0631\u064a\u0637\u0629 \u0635\u0644\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u064a\u0642\u0648\u0645 \u0628\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0643 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0633\u0627\u062c\u062f \u0634\u062a\u0649 \u0641\u064a \u0623\u0646\u062d\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0647\u0631\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0647\u0648 \u0645\u0627 \u0623\u062f\u0649 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0631\u0645\u064a\u0645 \u0639\u062f\u062f \u0647\u0627\u0626\u0644 \u0645\u0646\u0647\u0627.
\n\u0648\u064a\u062a\u0623\u0644\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0627\u0628 \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u062c\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0646\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644 \u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0645\u0641\u0635\u064e\u0651\u0644\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0627\u062c\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0635\u0644\u0649 \u0641\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0643 \u0641\u0627\u0631\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0648\u0642\u062f \u0635\u062f\u064e\u0651\u0631\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u062a\u0645\u0647\u064a\u062f \u0639\u0646 \u0646\u0634\u0623\u062a\u0647\u0627.
\n\u0623\u0645\u0651\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0633\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0627\u0628 \u0641\u064a\u0634\u0645\u0644 \u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0635\u0648\u0631 \u0641\u0648\u062a\u0648\u063a\u0631\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0637\u0647\u0627 \u062d\u0633\u0646 \u0639\u0628\u062f\u0627\u0644\u0648\u0647\u0627\u0628 \u0628\u0646\u0641\u0633\u0647 \u0648\u0627\u0646\u062a\u0642\u0649 \u0623\u0641\u0636\u0644\u0647\u0627\u060c \u0648\u062d\u0631\u0635 \u0641\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0625\u0638\u0647\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0643\u0644\u0651 \u062a\u0641\u0635\u064a\u0644\u0647\u0627 \u0648\u0647\u064a \u062a\u062d\u062a\u0648\u064a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0648\u0627\u062c\u0647\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0638\u0631 \u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u062a\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0627\u062c\u062f\u060c \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u062a\u0636\u0645 \u0643\u062b\u064a\u0631\u0627\u064b \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0635\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0633\u0627\u0639\u062f \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646 \u062f\u0642\u0627\u0626\u0642\u0647\u0627 \u0648\u0627\u062c\u062a\u0644\u0627\u0621 \u0645\u062d\u0627\u0633\u0646\u0647\u0627. \u0648\u0645\u0646 \u0646\u0645\u0627\u0630\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0648\u0636\u0639\u0647\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0627\u0628 \u0646\u0645\u0627\u0630\u062c \u0644\u0644\u0648\u0627\u062c\u0647\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0628\u0648\u0627\u0628 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0628\u0627\u0628 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0634\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0637\u0639\u0645\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0633\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u0633\u0648\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0646\u062d\u0627\u0633 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0632\u062e\u0627\u0631\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0642\u0648\u0634\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062e\u0634\u0628 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0631\u062e\u0627\u0645 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062d\u062c\u0631 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0635\u0649\u060c \u0648\u0628\u062c\u0627\u0646\u0628 \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0628\u0631 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0633\u0642\u0648\u0641 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0628 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0648\u0632\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u0636\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0631\u062e\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0634\u0628\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062d\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629.<\/p>\n
<\/p>\n
\u0642\u0633\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0627\u062a\u0628 \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u062d\u0631\u0628 \u0631\u0648\u0627\u064a\u062a\u0647 \u0641\u064a \u0623\u0628\u0648\u0627\u0628 \u0623\u0639\u0637\u0649 \u0643\u0644 \u0628\u0627\u0628 \u0645\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0639\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0646\u0627\u064b \u0628\u062f\u0621\u0627\u064b \u0645\u0646 \u0639\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0648\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u00ab\u0647\u0646\u0627 \u062a\u0631\u0642\u062f \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0627\u0648\u064a\u0629\u00bb\u060c \u0645\u0631\u0648\u0631\u0627\u064b \u0628\u0639\u0646\u0627\u0648\u064a\u0646 \u0623\u062e\u0631\u0649 \u0645\u062b\u0644: \u0645\u0639\u0628\u062f \u0645\u0646\u0633\u064a\u060c \u0630\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0645\u0627\u0631\u060c \u062c\u0631\u064a\u0645\u0629 \u0634\u0631\u0641\u060c \u062d\u062f\u064a\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0648\u062d\u062f\u0629\u060c \u0632\u064a\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0645\u0644\u0627\u0643\u060c… \u0625\u0644\u062e. \u0648\u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0646\u0627\u0648\u064a\u0646 \u0637\u0631\u062d \u0644\u0646\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0643\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0643\u0632\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0628\u0646\u0649 \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0631\u0648\u0627\u064a\u062a\u0647\u060c \u0648\u0647\u064a \u0642\u0636\u064a\u0629 \u062c\u0631\u0627\u0626\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0641\u060c \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0645\u0627 \u0632\u0627\u0644\u062a \u062a\u0624\u0631\u0642 \u0643\u062b\u064a\u0631\u0627\u064b \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0639\u0627\u062a\u0646\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u062d\u0643\u0645\u0647\u0627 \u0639\u0627\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0648\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0644\u064a\u062f \u064a\u062e\u0631\u062c \u0628\u0639\u0636\u0647\u0627 \u0639\u0646 \u0646\u0637\u0627\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0637\u0631\u0629. <\/p>\n \u064a\u0634\u0647\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0644\u064a\u062c\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0636\u0631 \u0646\u062a\u064a\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0648\u0651\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0633\u0627\u0631\u0639\u0629 \u0628\u0641\u0639\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0648\u0644\u0645\u0629 \u0646\u0648\u0639\u0627\u064b \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0631\u0627\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0643\u0631\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0636\u0627\u0631\u064a. \u0648\u0627\u0646\u0639\u0643\u0633\u062a \u0622\u062b\u0627\u0631 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0631\u0627\u0639 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0639\u0638\u0645 \u062c\u0648\u0627\u0646\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u064a\u0627\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0639. \u0648\u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0644\u063a\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0628\u0631\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0648\u0627\u0646\u0628 \u0648\u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631\u0647\u0627 \u062a\u0623\u062b\u0631\u0627\u064b \u0628\u0647 \u0648\u0628\u062a\u0628\u0639\u0627\u062a\u0647. \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0644\u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0636\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0644\u062d\u0642\u062a \u0628\u0647\u0627 \u0636\u0631\u0628\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0630\u0648\u0631\u060c \u0641\u0623\u0635\u0627\u0628\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0637\u0641\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a\u0646 \u064a\u0643\u0648\u0651\u0646\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0648\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0628\u0644\u060c \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0623\u0635\u0628\u062d\u062a \u0647\u0648\u064a\u062a\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u063a\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0639\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u0647\u062f\u0651\u062f\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062d\u062f\u0651 \u0628\u0639\u064a\u062f. <\/p>\n \u0643\u062a\u0627\u0628 \u00ab\u0639\u0635\u0648\u0631 \u0646\u0647\u0636\u0629 \u0623\u062e\u0631\u0649\u00bb \u0647\u0648 \u0643\u062a\u0627\u0628 \u0646\u0627\u062f\u0631 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u062a\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062b\u0631\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0628 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0639\u0627\u0644\u062c\u062a \u0645\u0635\u0637\u0644\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0647\u0636\u0629 \u0633\u0648\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0647\u0636\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0631\u0648\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0647\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0646\u0634\u0623\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0625\u064a\u0637\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0627 \u0625\u0628\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0646\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0645\u0633 \u0639\u0634\u0631 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u062f\u0633 \u0639\u0634\u0631 \u0623\u0648 \u062a\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0647\u0636\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u0631\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0641\u062c\u0631\u062a \u0647\u0646\u0627 \u0648\u0647\u0646\u0627\u0643 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0631\u0648\u0628\u064a\u060c \u0643\u0627\u0644\u0635\u064a\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0646\u063a\u0627\u0644 \u0634\u0631\u0642\u0627\u064b \u0648\u0646\u064a\u0648\u0632\u064a\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062f\u0627 \u062c\u0646\u0648\u0628\u0627\u064b\u060c \u0648\u0625\u064a\u0631\u0644\u0646\u062f\u0627 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u0633\u064a\u0643\u060c \u0628\u0644 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0648\u0644\u0627\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u063a\u0631\u0628\u0627\u064b\u060c \u0645\u0631\u0648\u0631\u0627\u064b \u0628\u0646\u0647\u0636\u0629 \u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0633\u0637 \u0648\u0623\u062e\u0631\u0649 \u0641\u064a \u0623\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0627. <\/p>\n \u0641\u064a \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0627\u0628 \u064a\u0642\u0651\u062f\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0643\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0645\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0627\u0642\u064a \u0631\u0641\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0627\u062f\u0631\u062c\u064a \u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0645\u0639\u0645\u064e\u0651\u0642\u0629 \u062a\u0647\u062f\u0641 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0625\u0638\u0647\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0631\u060c \u0648\u064a\u0633\u0644\u0650\u0651\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0648\u0621 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0633\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0645\u062b\u0644\u0647\u0627. \u0641\u064a\u0628\u062f\u0623 \u0628\u0634\u0631\u062d \u0645\u0641\u0647\u0648\u0645 \u0628\u0646\u064a\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0631\u0629\u060c \u0648\u064a\u0648\u0633\u0639 \u0648\u064a\u0637\u0648\u0651\u0631 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u0647\u0648\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u062c\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642\u064a\u0629. \u0648\u0645\u0646 \u062b\u0645\u0651 \u064a\u062a\u062d\u062f\u062b \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062e\u0635\u0648\u0635\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0648\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644 \u0641\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0626\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u064a\u0637\u0629 \u0628\u0647. \u0648\u0644\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0641\u0647\u0648 \u064a\u0635\u0628\u062d \u0628\u0645\u0646\u0632\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0628\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062f\u064a \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0637\u0644\u0628. \u0648\u0647\u0646\u0627 \u0645\u0635\u062f\u0631 \u0623\u0647\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0626\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0646\u064a\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0637\u0647\u0645\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u062f\u0644\u064a: \u0639\u0646\u062f\u0645\u0627 \u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0647\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0642\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062f\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0646\u0648\u064a\u060c \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0643\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u0645\u062d\u0635\u0644\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0643\u064a\u0627\u0646 \u0642\u0627\u0626\u0645 \u0648\u0645\u0642\u062a\u0631\u0646 \u0628\u0648\u0638\u064a\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629. <\/p>\n \u0643\u064a\u0641 \u064a\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0646\u0627\u0646 \u0648\u0643\u064a\u0641 \u064a\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u062e\u0631\u0648\u0646\u061f \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0647\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0624\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u0627\u062a\u062e\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0644\u0641 \u0623\u062d\u0645\u062f \u062d\u0633\u0646 \u0645\u0634\u0631\u0641 \u0639\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0646\u0627\u064b \u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0627\u064b \u0644\u0643\u062a\u0627\u0628\u0647 \u00ab\u062b\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0646\u00bb. <\/p>\n \u0631\u0648\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u062c\u062f\u064a\u062f\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u062a\u0623\u0644\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0645\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0630\u0627\u0639\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0639\u0648\u062f\u064a \u0637\u0627\u0631\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0627\u0633\u0631\u060c \u062a\u0642\u0639 \u0641\u064a 198 \u0635\u0641\u062d\u0629\u060c \u0648\u062a\u062a\u0636\u0645\u0646 \u0639\u0634\u0631\u0629 \u0641\u0635\u0648\u0644. <\/p>\n \u0628\u0631\u0632\u062a \u062a\u0633\u0627\u0624\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0639\u062f\u064a\u062f\u0629 \u062d\u0648\u0644 \u0637\u0628\u064a\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0644\u0627 \u0633\u064a\u0645\u0627 \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0632\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u064a\u0631\u0629. \u0641\u0642\u062f \u0623\u0635\u0628\u062d \u0647\u0646\u0627\u0643 \u0639\u062f\u0629 \u0623\u0634\u0643\u0627\u0644 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0648\u0623\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629 \u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641\u0629 \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0645\u0648\u0644. \u0648\u0644\u0643\u0646 \u0645\u0641\u0647\u0648\u0645\u0646\u0627 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0648\u0644\u0644\u0623\u0634\u0643\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u062a\u062e\u0630\u0647\u0627 \u0644\u064a\u0633\u062a \u0643\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0629. \u0644\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0642\u0627\u0645 \u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u062e\u0635\u0635 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0644\u060c \u0646\u064a\u062c\u0644 \u062f\u0648\u062f\u060c \u0628\u0625\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0635\u064a\u0627\u063a\u0629 \u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0642 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u062c\u0644 \u0641\u0647\u0645 \u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645 \u0645\u0627 \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0632\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0639\u062f\u0645\u0627 \u062f\u062e\u0644\u062a \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647 \u0623\u0634\u0643\u0627\u0644 \u062c\u062f\u064a\u062f\u0629. <\/p>\n \u064a\u064f\u0639\u062f\u064f\u0651 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0628\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a \u0645\u064a\u0634\u0627\u0644 \u0628\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0631\u0648 \u0623\u062d\u062f \u0623\u0628\u0631\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0635\u0631\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u062e\u0635\u0635\u064a\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0644\u0648\u0627\u0646 \u0628\u062f\u0621\u0627\u064b \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0635\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0645\u0629 \u0648\u0635\u0648\u0644\u0627\u064b \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0648\u0642\u062a\u0646\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0636\u0631. \u0641\u0642\u062f \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0637\u0627\u0639 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062d\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0648\u0631\u0628\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0646\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0628\u0631 \u0646\u0635\u0648\u0635\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u062b\u0631\u0648\u0628\u0648\u0644\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0641\u064a\u0636\u0629\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0628\u062d\u0627\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0644\u0648\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u062d\u0644\u0644\u0627\u064b \u0631\u0645\u0648\u0632\u0647\u0627 \u0648\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u062a\u0631\u0629 \u0648\u0623\u0633\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0647\u0627 \u0648\u0625\u064a\u062d\u0627\u0621\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0627. <\/p>\n \u064a\u062a\u0645\u064a\u0632 \u0647\u0627\u0631\u0648\u0643\u064a \u0645\u0648\u0631\u0627\u0643\u0627\u0645\u064a\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0648\u0627\u0626\u064a \u0627\u0644\u064a\u0627\u0628\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0647\u064a\u0631 \u0628\u0631\u0648\u0627\u064a\u0627\u062a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0631\u064a\u0628\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u063a\u0627\u0645\u0636\u0629. \u0648\u0644\u0643\u0646\u0651 \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0644\u0645 \u064a\u0645\u0646\u0639 \u0631\u0648\u0627\u062c\u0647\u0627 \u0648\u062a\u0631\u062c\u0645\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0639\u062f\u0651\u0629 \u0644\u063a\u0627\u062a \u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0629. \u0648\u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u0622\u062e\u0631 \u0631\u0648\u0627\u064a\u0627\u062a\u0647 \u00ab\u062a\u0633\u0648\u0643\u0648\u0631\u0648 \u062a\u0627\u0632\u0627\u0643\u064a \u0639\u062f\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0648\u0646 \u0648\u0633\u0646\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0631\u062d\u0644\u062a\u0647\u00bb\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u0628\u0627\u0639 \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0644\u064a\u0648\u0646 \u0646\u0633\u062e\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u064a\u0627\u0628\u0627\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0628\u0648\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644 \u0644\u0646\u0632\u0648\u0644\u0647 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u062a\u0628\u0627\u062a. <\/p>\n \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0647\u0645 \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0645\u064a\u0632 \u0639\u0635\u0631\u0646\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0647\u0648 \u0623\u0646\u0651\u0647 \u0645\u0627 \u0632\u0627\u0644\u062a \u0647\u0646\u0627\u0643 \u062d\u062f\u0648\u062f \u0645\u062c\u0647\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0643\u0634\u0627\u0641\u0647\u0627 \u0648\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0639\u0627\u062a \u062c\u062f\u064a\u062f\u0629 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0635\u0648\u0644 \u0625\u0644\u064a\u0647\u0627. \u0641\u064a \u0643\u062a\u0627\u0628\u0647 \u00ab\u0645\u0646 \u0635\u0641\u0631 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0648\u0627\u062d\u062f\u00bb \u064a\u0638\u0647\u0631 \u0631\u062c\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0647\u064a\u0631 \u0628\u064a\u062a\u0631 \u062b\u064a\u0644 \u0643\u064a\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0625\u064a\u062c\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0631\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0639\u0651\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0644\u0627\u0628\u062a\u0643\u0627\u0631 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u062f\u064a\u062f\u0629. <\/p>\n \u064a\u064f\u0639\u062f \u0645\u0627\u0643\u0633 \u0641\u0631\u064a\u0634 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0651\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0631\u0648\u0628\u064a\u064a\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0636\u064a. \u0648\u0642\u062f \u0643\u062a\u0628 \u0645\u0630\u0643\u0631\u0627\u062a\u0647 \u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0648\u0641\u0627\u062a\u0647 \u0641\u064a 1994\u0645\u060c \u0648\u0644\u0643\u0646\u0651\u0647 \u0623\u0648\u0635\u0649 \u0628\u0639\u062f\u0645 \u0646\u0634\u0631\u0647\u0627 \u0625\u0644\u0627 \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0639\u0634\u0631\u064a\u0646 \u0633\u0646\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0648\u0641\u0627\u062a\u0647. \u0648\u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0642\u062f \u062f\u0648\u0651\u0646 \u0645\u0630\u0643\u0631\u0627\u062a\u0647 \u0639\u0646\u062f \u0625\u0642\u0627\u0645\u062a\u0647 \u0641\u064a \u0628\u0631\u0644\u064a\u0646 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0639\u0627\u0645\u064a 1973 \u06481980\u0645.<\/a>\u0647\u0646\u0627 \u062a\u0631\u0642\u062f \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0627\u0648\u064a\u0629
\n\u062a\u0623\u0644\u064a\u0641: \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0625\u0642\u0628\u0627\u0644 \u062d\u0631\u0628
\n\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u0634\u0631:
\n\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u0646\u0627\u0634\u0631\u0648\u0646 2014<\/strong><\/p>\n
\n\u0645\u0632\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0627\u062a\u0628 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0623\u0633\u0644\u0648\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0631\u062f \u0648\u0623\u0633\u0644\u0648\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0648\u0627\u0631\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u0648\u064a\u0642 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0642\u0628 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0644\u0642\u060c \u0648\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0635\u0648\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0648\u0627\u0646\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0641\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0634\u062e\u0648\u0635\u0647 \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u062a\u062d\u0631\u0643\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0645 \u0648\u062a\u0635\u0631\u0641\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0645\u060c \u0648\u062a\u0631\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u062e\u0648\u0635 \u062a\u062d\u0644\u0644 \u0646\u0641\u0633\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u0646\u0641\u0633\u0647\u0627 \u0633\u0648\u0627\u0621 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0643\u0644\u0627\u0645 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0631\u0641\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0648\u0643\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u062a\u0635\u0648\u064a\u0631\u0647\u0645 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0631\u062c.
\n\u0648\u062a\u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0648\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u062d\u0627\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0646\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0648\u0627\u0642\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u064a\u0634\u060c \u0648\u0646\u0642\u062f\u0627\u064b \u0644\u0628\u0639\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u063a\u0644\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0639\u064a\u0634 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u062f\u064a\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0645\u0633\u0643 \u0628\u0628\u0639\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0644\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0625\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0626\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0623\u0629 \u0648\u062d\u062f\u0647\u0627\u060c \u062d\u064a\u062b \u062a\u063a\u0631\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0623\u0629 \u0646\u0641\u0633\u0647\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0628\u062d\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0645\u0648\u0639 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0623\u0633 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u060c \u0628\u064a\u0646\u0645\u0627 \u0647\u064a \u0645\u062f\u0639\u0648\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0627\u0641\u0638\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0645 \u0645\u0646 \u062c\u0647\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0625\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646\u064a\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u062c\u0647\u0629 \u0623\u062e\u0631\u0649.<\/p>\n
\n<\/a>\u0627\u0644\u0644\u063a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0635\u0631\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u062f\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0644\u064a\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a \u0648\u0642\u0636\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0648\u064a\u0629
\n\u062a\u0623\u0644\u064a\u0641: \u0623\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u062a\u0648\u0642
\n\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u0634\u0631:
\n\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u0646\u0627\u0634\u0631\u0648\u0646 2013<\/strong><\/p>\n
\n\u0641\u064a \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0637\u0627\u0631 \u062a\u0623\u062a\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0648\u0636\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0645\u0651 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644\u0647\u0627 \u0625\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0648\u0621 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0628\u0639\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0638\u0627\u0647\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u063a\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0629 \u0628\u0639\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0648\u0627\u0646\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062a\u0628\u0637\u0629 \u0628\u0647\u0627\u060c \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062b \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0648\u0651\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0636\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u062f\u064a\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062d\u0635\u0644\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0644\u064a\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u060c \u0648\u062a\u062a\u0628\u0639 \u0645\u0627 \u0646\u062a\u062c \u0639\u0646 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0648\u0651\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0646 \u0622\u062b\u0627\u0631 \u0648\u0627\u0646\u0639\u0643\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0633\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0644\u063a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0644\u064a\u062c\u064a\u060c \u0648\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0644\u063a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0641\u0644 \u0628\u0646\u062d\u0648 \u0623\u062e\u0635\u060c \u0648\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0647\u0648\u064a\u062a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0628\u0644\u0647 \u0645\u0639 \u062a\u0646\u0648\u064a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0644\u0641 \u0623\u0646 \u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0635\u0629 \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0641\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0627\u0631\u062f\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0627\u0628\u060c \u0644\u0627 \u062a\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0625\u0637\u0627\u0631 \u0645\u0631\u062d\u0644\u064a \u0645\u0639\u0651\u064a\u0646 \u0623\u0648 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a \u0645\u062d\u0651\u062f\u062f\u060c \u0648\u0625\u0646\u0651\u0645\u0627 \u062a\u0634\u0645\u0644 \u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0627\u062d\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0623\u0637\u0641\u0627\u0644\u060c \u0648\u062a\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0642 \u0628\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u064a\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0627\u0641\u0647\u0627\u060c \u062f\u0648\u0646 \u062a\u062e\u0635\u064a\u0635.<\/p>\n<\/a>\u0639\u0635\u0648\u0631 \u0646\u0647\u0636\u0629 \u0623\u062e\u0631\u0649 \u0645\u0646 \u0633\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0629 \u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0647\u0631\u064a\u0629
\n\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u0634\u0631:
\n\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0644\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0637\u0646\u064a \u0644\u0644\u062b\u0642\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0646\u0648\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0622\u062f\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0648\u064a\u062a 2014 <\/strong><\/p>\n
\n\u0648\u064a\u062f\u0651\u0639\u064a \u0645\u062d\u0631\u0631\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0627\u0628 \u0623\u0646\u0651\u0647 \u064a\u0642\u062f\u0651\u0645 \u0645\u062f\u062e\u0644\u0627\u064b \u062c\u062f\u064a\u062f\u0627\u064b \u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0651\u060c \u0648\u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f\u0627\u064b \u0645\u0627 \u0639\u0631\u0641 \u0628\u0623\u062f\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0647\u0636\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0646\u0627\u0637\u0642 \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645\u060c \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644 \u0623\u062f\u0628 \u0639\u0635\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0647\u0636\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0631\u0648\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0648\u0641. \u0648\u0628\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u064a\u0639\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0646\u0638\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0627\u0628 \u0635\u064a\u0627\u063a\u0629 \u0645\u0641\u0647\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0647\u0636\u0629 \u0628\u062d\u064a\u062b \u062a\u0635\u0628\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0647\u0636\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0631\u0648\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u0643\u0631\u0629 \u0645\u0644\u0647\u0645\u0629 \u0648\u062e\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0629\u060c \u0628\u062f\u0644\u0627\u064b \u0645\u0646 \u0643\u0648\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u062c\u0631\u062f \u062d\u0642\u0628\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e. \u0648\u062a\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0637\u0639 \u0623\u0637\u0631\u0648\u062d\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u062a\u0646\u0627\u0648\u0644 \u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0641\u0635\u0644\u0629 \u0644\u0645\u0641\u0647\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0647\u0636\u0629 \u062e\u0627\u0631\u062c \u0633\u064a\u0627\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0647\u0636\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u064a\u0637\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0631\u0648\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0641\u0635\u0644\u062a \u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e \u0623\u0648\u0631\u0648\u0628\u0627 \u0648\u0639\u0635\u0648\u0631\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0633\u0637\u0649 \u0645\u0639 \u0645\u0641\u0627\u0647\u064a\u0645 \u0623\u062e\u0631\u0649 \u0643\u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u0627\u062b\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062b \u0648\u0645\u0627 \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0648\u0644\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 (\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0631).
\n\u0631\u0643\u0632\u062a \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u062a\u0639\u062f\u0651\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u0627\u0641\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0645\u062a\u0639\u062f\u0651\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0645\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u064a\u062a\u0645\u062a\u0639 \u0628\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u0641\u0647\u0648\u0645 \u0643\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0647\u0636\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0631\u0648\u0628\u064a\u0629\u060c \u062d\u064a\u062b \u062a\u062c\u0627\u0648\u0632 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u0647\u0648\u0645 \u0645\u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0646\u0634\u0623\u062a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0631\u0648\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0632\u0645\u0627\u0646\u0647\u0627\u060c \u0644\u064a\u0635\u0644 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062b\u0642\u0627\u0641\u0627\u062a \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0623\u0648\u0631\u0648\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0637\u0644\u062d \u0646\u0641\u0633\u0647\u060c \u0648\u0644\u0643\u0646 \u0628\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0646\u064d \u0623\u062e\u0631\u0649 \u062a\u0642\u062a\u0631\u0628 \u0643\u062b\u064a\u0631\u0627\u064b \u0623\u0648 \u0642\u0644\u064a\u0644\u0627\u064b\u060c \u0628\u0644 \u062a\u0628\u062a\u0639\u062f \u0623\u062d\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u064b \u0639\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0639\u0646\u064a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u0647\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0631\u0648\u0628\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0635\u0644\u064a.<\/p>\n
\n<\/a>\u062f\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u062d\u0636\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646
\n\u062a\u0623\u0644\u064a\u0641: \u0631\u0641\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0627\u062f\u0631\u062c\u064a
\n\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u0634\u0631:
\n\u0645\u0631\u0643\u0632 \u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0648\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 2014<\/strong><\/p>\n
\n\u0648\u064a\u0634\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0627\u062f\u0631\u062c\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0643\u062a\u0627\u0628\u0647 \u0623\u064a\u0636\u0627\u064b \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0646\u0651 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u062a\u0624\u0644\u0641 \u0645\u0642\u0648\u0645\u0627\u064b \u0645\u062a\u0623\u0635\u0644\u0627\u064b \u0641\u064a \u0633\u0644\u0648\u0643\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u062f \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0626\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0645\u062b\u0644\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0628\u062f \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u0632\u0646 \u0648\u063a\u064a\u0631\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0628\u064f\u0646\u0649 \u0623\u062e\u0631\u0649\u060c \u0623\u064a \u0625\u0646\u0651\u0647\u0627 \u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0641\u0639\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u062f\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0635\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0648\u062c\u062f\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0641\u0631\u062f \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0639\u064a\u0634\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u064a\u0648\u0645\u064a.
\n\u062a\u0628\u0642\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0646\u0651 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0627\u062a\u0628 \u064a\u062a\u0648\u062c\u0647 \u0641\u064a \u062e\u0637\u0627\u0628\u0647 \u0641\u064a \u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639 \u0645\u0631\u0627\u062d\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0627\u0628 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0626 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u064a\u0646.<\/p>\n<\/a>\u062b\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0646
\n\u062a\u0623\u0644\u064a\u0641: \u0623\u062d\u0645\u062f \u062d\u0633\u0646 \u0645\u0634\u0631\u0641
\n\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u0634\u0631:
\n\u00ab\u0646\u0648\u0644\u064a\u062f\u062c\u0627\u0628\u0644\u00bb\u060c \u062c\u062f\u0629 2014<\/strong><\/p>\n
\n\u064a\u0642\u0639 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0627\u0628 \u0641\u064a 190 \u0635\u0641\u062d\u0629 \u062a\u0642\u0631\u064a\u0628\u0627\u064b \u0645\u0648\u0632\u0639\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062b\u0644\u0627\u062b\u0629 \u0623\u0642\u0633\u0627\u0645 \u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633\u0629\u060c \u0647\u064a:
\n– \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0625\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646\u0627\u064b \u0644\u0627 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0645\u0624\u062f\u064a\u0627\u064b \u0644\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644.
\n– \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0627\u064a\u0634 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0646\u060c \u062b\u0645\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0642\u0646\u0627\u0639\u0627\u062a \u064a\u0639\u064a\u0634\u0647\u0627 \u0643\u0644 \u0641\u0646\u0627\u0646.
\n– \u0645\u0627\u0630\u0627 \u0628\u0639\u062f \u062b\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0646\u061f
\n\u0648\u062a\u062d\u062a \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0628\u0648\u064a\u0628 \u062c\u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0644\u0641 \u0639\u062f\u062f\u0627\u064b \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0643\u062a\u0628\u0647\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u062f\u0649 \u0641\u062a\u0631\u0629 \u0637\u0648\u064a\u0644\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0645\u0646. \u0648\u062a\u062a\u0636\u0645\u0646 \u0643\u062b\u064a\u0631\u0627\u064b \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0646\u0627\u0648\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644\u0629 \u0644\u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0645\u0648\u0636\u0648\u0639 \u0646\u0642\u0627\u0634\u060c \u0648\u062a\u0633\u062a\u062d\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0639\u0629 \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u062f\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0644\u0647\u0627\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0646\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u062b\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u062a\u062a\u0631\u0643\u0647 \u063a\u0632\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062a\u0646\u0627\u062c.<\/p>\n<\/a>\u062d\u062f \u0645\u0646\u0641\u0648\u062d\u0629
\n\u062a\u0623\u0644\u064a\u0641: \u0637\u0627\u0631\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0627\u0633\u0631
\n\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u0634\u0631:
\n\u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0623\u062b\u0631 2014<\/strong><\/p>\n
\n\u0648\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0637\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0645\u0647\u062f\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062f\u062e\u0648\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0646\u0627\u062e \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0648\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0646\u0642\u0631\u0623 \u0644\u0644\u0643\u0627\u062a\u0628: \u00ab\u062a\u0633\u0644\u0628 \u0645\u0646\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u064a\u0627\u0629 \u0644\u062d\u0638\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0639\u062a\u062f\u0646\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u064a\u0634 \u0628\u0631\u062a\u0627\u0628\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0641\u0627\u0635\u064a\u0644\u0647\u0627\u060c \u0648\u0644\u0643\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u0627 \u0625\u0646 \u062a\u0633\u0644\u0628\u0647\u0627 \u062d\u062a\u0649 \u062a\u0636\u0639\u0646\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0648\u0633\u0645 \u0622\u062e\u0631 \u062a\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641 \u0641\u064a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0644\u0648\u0627\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0631\u0648\u0627\u0626\u062d.
\n\u0648\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u063a\u0645 \u0645\u0646 \u062a\u0630\u0645\u0631\u0646\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u063a\u064a\u064a\u0631\u060c \u0625\u0644\u0627 \u0623\u0646\u0646\u0627 \u0645\u062c\u0628\u0631\u0648\u0646 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0630\u0644\u0643\u060c \u0648\u0628\u0625\u0631\u0627\u062f\u062a\u0646\u0627 \u0646\u0631\u0636\u062e \u0644\u0647\u0627\u060c \u0644\u0627 \u0644\u0631\u0641\u0636\u0646\u0627 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u063a\u064a\u064a\u0631\u060c \u0648\u0644\u0643\u0646 \u0644\u0634\u062f\u0629 \u062a\u0639\u0644\u0642\u0646\u0627 \u0628\u0647\u0627 \u0646\u0645\u062c\u062f \u0643\u0644 \u0637\u0631\u0642\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u0639\u0646\u0627…\u00bb.<\/p>\n\u0643\u062a\u0628 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645<\/h3>\n
<\/a>\u0627\u0644\u062d\u064a\u0627\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0644
\nThe Social Life of Money
\n\u062a\u0623\u0644\u064a\u0641: \u0646\u064a\u062c\u0644 \u062f\u0648\u062f
\n\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u0634\u0631: Princeton University Press
\n(\u0633\u0628\u062a\u0645\u0628\u0631 2014)<\/strong><\/p>\n
\n\u0641\u064a \u0643\u062a\u0627\u0628\u0647 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u064a\u062d\u0627\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062c\u0627\u0628\u0629 \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0626\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629: \u0645\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0637\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u064a\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u062a\u062e\u0630\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0646\u0648\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0643\u0632\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0646\u062f\u0645\u0627 \u062a\u0635\u062f\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0648\u062a\u0636\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629\u061f \u0645\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u064a\u0639\u0637\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0642 \u0644\u0644\u062c\u0647\u0627\u062a \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0643\u0648\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0625\u0635\u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0623\u0634\u0643\u0627\u0644 \u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u062c\u062f\u064a\u062f\u0629\u061f \u0648\u0643\u064a\u0641 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0644\u0644\u0623\u0634\u0643\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u062f\u064a\u062f\u0629 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0648\u0632 \u0623\u0648 \u062a\u0644\u062d\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0631\u0631 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0642\u0631\u0651\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u0629\u061f
\n\u0648\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0647\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0643\u064a\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0625\u0646\u0642\u0627\u0630 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u0633\u064a\u0637\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0646\u0648\u0643 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0643\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0633\u0648\u0621 \u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u062a\u0647\u0627\u060c \u0648\u0625\u0639\u0627\u062f\u062a\u0647 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0643\u0640 \u00ab\u062d\u0642 \u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a\u00bb \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u0648\u0635\u0641\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u064a\u0644\u0633\u0648\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0647\u064a\u0631\u060c \u062c\u0648\u0631\u062c \u0633\u064a\u0645\u0644. \u0648\u064a\u0633\u062a\u0643\u0634\u0641 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0648\u0627\u0646\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647\u0645\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0624\u062b\u0631 \u0641\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0648\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u062d\u0635\u0644 \u0641\u064a\u0647 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0639 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f. \u0648\u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u0646\u062a\u064a\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0641\u0643\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0648\u0636\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0627\u0628 \u0631\u0633\u0645 \u0637\u0631\u0642 \u062c\u062f\u064a\u062f\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0643\u064a\u0631 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u062a\u0633\u0627\u0639\u062f\u060c \u0644\u064a\u0633 \u0641\u0642\u0637 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0641\u0647\u0645\u0647\u060c \u0648\u0625\u0646\u0645\u0627 \u062a\u063a\u064a\u064a\u0631\u0647 \u0623\u064a\u0636\u0627\u064b.<\/p>\n<\/a>\u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u0636\u0631: \u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e \u0644\u0648\u0646
\nVert: Histoire d\u2019une couleur
\n\u062a\u0623\u0644\u064a\u0641: \u0645\u064a\u0634\u0627\u0644 \u0628\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0631\u0648
\n\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u0634\u0631: Seuil (\u0633\u0628\u062a\u0645\u0628\u0631 2013)<\/strong><\/p>\n
\n\u0648\u0641\u064a \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0627\u0628 \u064a\u0633\u062a\u0643\u0634\u0641 \u0628\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0631\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u0627\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u063a\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0651\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u0636\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0646\u0648\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0632\u064a\u0627\u0621 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0628 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062d\u064a\u0627\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u064a\u0648\u0645\u064a\u0629. \u0648\u064a\u0644\u0627\u062d\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u063a\u064a\u0651\u0631\u062a \u0641\u064a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0645\u0639\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0648\u0646 \u0639\u0628\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e. \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0627\u0628 \u0645\u0645\u0644\u0648\u0621 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0643\u0627\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u064a\u062f\u0629. \u0641\u0637\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627 \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0648\u0646 \u0631\u0645\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u064a\u0627\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0638 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0644 \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0623\u064a\u0636\u0627\u064b \u0631\u0645\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0648\u0636\u0649 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0634\u0639 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0633\u0645\u0648\u0645. \u0648\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u062d\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0641\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0635\u0628\u0627\u063a \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0636\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0635\u0639\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u062a\u0627\u062c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062b\u0628\u064a\u062a. \u0644\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0631\u062a\u0628\u0637 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0648\u0646 \u0628\u0643\u0644\u0651 \u0645\u0627 \u0647\u0648 \u0645\u062a\u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0648\u0639\u0627\u0628\u0631 \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0641\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062d\u064f\u0628 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062b\u0631\u0648\u0629. \u0648\u062d\u062a\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0635\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0648\u0645\u0646\u0633\u064a \u0644\u0645 \u064a\u0643\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u0636\u0631 \u0642\u062f \u0627\u0631\u062a\u0628\u0637 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u062b\u0627\u0628\u062a \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0639\u0629. \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0634\u0631\u062d \u0628\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0631\u0648 \u0643\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0631\u062a\u0628\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u0636\u0631 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0645\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0637\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0648\u0645\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0646\u064a\u0631\u0648\u0646\u060c \u0648\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0630\u0627 \u0631\u0628\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u064a\u0644\u0633\u0648\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0646\u064a \u063a\u0648\u062a\u0647 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0648\u0646 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0633\u0637\u0649\u060c \u0648\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0639\u062a\u0642\u062f \u0628\u0639\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u0643\u0631\u064a\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0633\u0639 \u0639\u0634\u0631 \u0628\u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u063a\u0631\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u062f\u0627\u0645\u0649 \u0644\u0645 \u064a\u0633\u062a\u0637\u064a\u0639\u0648\u0627 \u062a\u0645\u064a\u064a\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u0636\u0631.
\n\u0648\u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0645\u064a\u0632 \u0648\u0646\u0635\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0646\u0639\u060c \u0646\u062c\u062d \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0627\u0628 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0637\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0647\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0645 \u0643\u0644 \u0645\u064e\u0646\u0652 \u0647\u0648 \u0645\u0647\u062a\u0645 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0636\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0645.<\/p>\n<\/a>\u062a\u0633\u0648\u0643\u0648\u0631\u0648 \u062a\u0627\u0632\u0627\u0643\u064a \u0639\u062f\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0648\u0646 \u0648\u0633\u0646\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0631\u062d\u0644\u062a\u0647
\nColorless Tsukuru Tazaki and His
\nYears of Pilgrimage
\n\u062a\u0623\u0644\u064a\u0641: \u0647\u0627\u0631\u0648\u0643\u064a \u0645\u0648\u0631\u0627\u0643\u0627\u0645\u064a
\n\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u0634\u0631: \u0627\u0644\u064a\u0627\u0628\u0627\u0646 (2013) Viking Adult<\/strong><\/p>\n
\n\u062a\u062a\u062d\u062f\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0648\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0627\u0628 \u062a\u0633\u0648\u0631\u0648\u0643\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u00ab\u0644\u064a\u0633 \u0644\u062f\u064a\u0647 \u0623\u064a \u0627\u0647\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0645 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0646 \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u0623\u0646\u0651 \u0644\u064a\u0633 \u0644\u062f\u064a\u0647 \u0623\u064a\u0629 \u0647\u0648\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u0623\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0647\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u062e\u0627\u0635\u0629… \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u064a\u062e\u062c\u0644 \u0628\u0633\u0647\u0648\u0644\u0629\u060c \u0645\u062a\u0642\u0648\u0642\u0639 \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0631\u062e\u0627\u0621 \u0645\u0639 \u0623\u0634\u062e\u0627\u0635 \u063a\u0631\u0628\u0627\u0621… \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0645\u0644\u0643 \u0623\u064a \u0634\u062e\u0635\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0645\u064a\u0632\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u0623\u064a \u0645\u0632\u0627\u064a\u0627 \u062e\u0627\u0635\u0629\u00bb. \u0628\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0635\u0627\u0631 \u0647\u0648 \u0634\u062e\u0635 \u0639\u062f\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0648\u0646\u060c \u0648\u0625\u0646\u0645\u0651\u0627 \u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u0644\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0627\u0628\u060c \u0639\u0646\u062f\u0645\u0627 \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0631\u0633\u0629\u060c \u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0635\u063a\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0635\u062f\u0642\u0627\u0621\u060c \u0648\u0644\u0643\u0646\u0651 \u062a\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u062a\u0631\u0643\u062a\u0647 \u062f\u0648\u0646 \u0623\u064a \u0633\u0627\u0628\u0642 \u0627\u0646\u0630\u0627\u0631\u060c \u0648\u0644\u0645 \u062a\u0639\u062f \u062a\u0631\u062f \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u062a\u0635\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u0647 \u0648\u0642\u0637\u0639 \u0623\u0641\u0631\u0627\u062f\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0628\u062a\u0633\u0648\u0643\u0648\u0631\u0648 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0646\u0647\u0627\u0626\u064a. \u0623\u0645\u0651\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0628\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u062a\u0631\u0643\u0647 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u062c\u0644\u0647 \u0623\u0635\u062f\u0642\u0627\u0624\u0647 \u0647\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u063a\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u064a\u062d\u0631\u0643 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0635\u0629. \u0648\u0628\u0639\u062f \u0623\u0646 \u0643\u0628\u0631 \u062a\u0633\u0648\u0631\u0648\u0643\u0648 \u0648\u0627\u0632\u062f\u0627\u062f \u0634\u0639\u0648\u0631\u0647 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0625\u062d\u0628\u0627\u0637 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0632\u0644\u0629 \u0639\u0627\u062f \u0641\u064a \u0631\u062d\u0644\u0629 \u0637\u0648\u064a\u0644\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0636\u064a \u0644\u064a\u0633\u062a\u0623\u0646\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b \u0639\u0646 \u0633\u0628\u0628 \u062a\u0631\u0643 \u0623\u0635\u062f\u0642\u0627\u0626\u0647 \u0644\u0647. \u0648\u062a\u062a\u062e\u0644\u0644 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0648\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u062d\u0638\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062b\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0623\u0645\u0644\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u0626\u0639 \u0648\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062d\u062f\u0627\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0647\u0634\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0635\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0646\u062a\u0642\u0644 \u0628\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0643\u0648\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0642\u0635\u0629 \u0639\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0646 \u0634\u062e\u0635\u064a\u0629 \u063a\u0631\u064a\u0628\u0629 \u062a\u0628\u062d\u062b \u0639\u0646 \u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f\u0647\u0627\u060c \u0644\u062a\u0636\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0623\u0644\u0648\u0641 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062e\u064a\u0627\u0644\u064a \u062c\u0646\u0628\u0627\u064b \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062c\u0646\u0628 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644 \u062c\u0630\u0651\u0627\u0628.<\/p>\n<\/a>\u0645\u0646 \u0635\u0641\u0631 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0648\u0627\u062d\u062f: \u0645\u0644\u0627\u062d\u0638\u0627\u062a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u0634\u0626\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u0643\u064a\u0641 \u0646\u0628\u0646\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0628\u0644
\nZero to One: Notes on startups, or How to Build the Future by Peter Thiel, Blake Masters
\n\u062a\u0623\u0644\u064a\u0641: \u0628\u064a\u062a\u0631 \u062b\u064a\u0644 \u0648\u0628\u0644\u064a\u0643 \u0645\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0632
\n\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u0634\u0631: Crown Business (\u0633\u0628\u062a\u0645\u0628\u0631 2014)<\/strong><\/p>\n
\n\u064a\u0628\u062f\u0623 \u062b\u064a\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0636\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u062f\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0642\u0648\u0644 \u0625\u0646\u0651 \u0639\u0635\u0631\u0646\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0647\u0648 \u0639\u0635\u0631 \u0631\u0643\u0648\u062f \u062a\u0643\u0646\u0648\u0644\u0648\u062c\u064a\u060c \u062d\u062a\u0649 \u0644\u0648 \u0638\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0639\u0636 \u0623\u0646\u0651 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0643\u0633 \u0647\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062d\u064a\u062d. \u0644\u0627 \u0634\u0643\u0651 \u0641\u064a \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0643\u0646\u0648\u0644\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0642\u062f \u062a\u0637\u0648\u0631\u062a \u0628\u0633\u0631\u0639\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0625\u0646\u0645\u0627 \u0644\u064a\u0633 \u0647\u0646\u0627\u0643 \u0623\u064a \u0633\u0628\u0628 \u0644\u062a\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0628\u062a\u0643\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u062c\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0645\u0628\u064a\u0648\u062a\u0631 \u0623\u0648 \u0648\u0627\u062f\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0644\u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646. \u0625\u0630 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0648\u0631 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0637\u0627\u0644 \u0623\u064a \u0635\u0646\u0627\u0639\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u0645\u062c\u0627\u0644 \u0622\u062e\u0631. \u0648\u064a\u0646\u0628\u0639 \u0623\u064a \u062a\u0637\u0648\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0647\u0645 \u0645\u0647\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0643\u062a\u0633\u0628\u0647\u0627 \u0623\u064a \u0641\u0631\u062f \u0648\u0647\u064a \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0641\u0643\u0651\u0631 \u0628\u0645\u0641\u0631\u062f\u0647.
\n\u064a\u0642\u0648\u0644 \u062b\u064a\u0644 \u0625\u0646 \u062a\u0639\u0651\u0644\u0645 \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0633\u062a\u0637\u064a\u0639 \u0623\u064a \u0634\u062e\u0635 \u0622\u062e\u0631 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0641\u0639\u0644\u0647 \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0623\u062e\u0630 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u064a \u0645\u0643\u0627\u0646.. \u0648\u0625\u0646\u0645\u0651\u0627 \u0627\u0628\u062a\u0643\u0627\u0631 \u0623\u064a \u0634\u064a\u0621 \u062c\u062f\u064a\u062f \u064a\u0623\u062e\u0630 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645 \u0645\u0646 \u0635\u0641\u0631 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0648\u0627\u062d\u062f \u0623\u064a \u0645\u0646 \u0644\u0627 \u0634\u064a\u0621 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0634\u064a\u0621 \u0630\u064a \u0642\u064a\u0645\u0629. \u0644\u0646 \u064a\u0646\u062c\u062d \u0623\u064a \u0634\u062e\u0635 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0648\u0644\u0646 \u064a\u0638\u0647\u0631 \u0623\u064a \u0628\u064a\u0644 \u063a\u064a\u062a\u0633 \u0622\u062e\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0627\u0641\u0633 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0627 \u0647\u0648 \u0645\u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0644\u064a\u060c \u0628\u0644 \u0633\u064a\u0646\u062c\u062d \u0645\u0646 \u064a\u062a\u062c\u0646\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0641\u0633\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0637\u0644\u0642 \u0648\u064a\u0641\u0631\u0636 \u0646\u0641\u0633\u0647 \u0628\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0639 \u0641\u0631\u064a\u062f.
\n\u064a\u0642\u062f\u0651\u0645 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0627\u0628 \u0646\u0638\u0631\u0629 \u0645\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0626\u0644\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0628\u0644\u060c \u0648\u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u062c\u062f\u064a\u062f\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0643\u064a\u0631 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0639\u0627\u062a \u062d\u064a\u062b \u062a\u0628\u062f\u0623 \u0628\u0637\u0631\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0626\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0624\u062f\u064a \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0625\u064a\u062c\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0645\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u062c\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u062a\u0648\u0642\u0639\u0629.<\/p>\n<\/a>\u064a\u0648\u0645\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0628\u0631\u0644\u064a\u0646
\nAusdem Berliner Journal
\n\u062a\u0623\u0644\u064a\u0641: \u0645\u0627\u0643\u0633 \u0641\u0631\u064a\u0634
\n\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u0634\u0631: Suhrkamp Verlag (\u064a\u0646\u0627\u064a\u0631 2014)<\/strong><\/p>\n
\n\u0628\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0636\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062d\u062f\u064a\u062b\u0647 \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u062a\u0631 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0642\u0633\u0645\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0642\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u063a\u0631\u0628\u064a\u060c \u0643\u062a\u0628 \u0641\u0631\u064a\u0634 \u0643\u062b\u064a\u0631\u0627\u064b \u0639\u0646 \u062a\u0623\u0645\u0644\u0627\u062a\u0647 \u062d\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u062f\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0631 \u0648\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0631\u0627\u0641\u0642\u0647 \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u064a\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0628\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u062d\u062f\u0648\u062f\u0629. \u0648\u062a\u062a\u0645\u064a\u0651\u0632 \u0623\u0628\u0648\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0627\u0628 \u0628\u0643\u0648\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u0642\u0637\u0648\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0623\u062f\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0635\u0627\u063a\u0629 \u0628\u062f\u0642\u0629 \u0634\u062f\u064a\u062f\u0629\u060c \u0637\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627 \u0628\u0631\u0632 \u0641\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0633\u0627\u0624\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u0637\u063a\u0649 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0624\u0644\u0641\u0627\u062a \u0641\u0631\u064a\u0634 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u064a\u062f\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0647\u0648 \u00ab\u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0646\u0627\u061f\u00bb \u0648\u0647\u0646\u0627\u0643 \u062f\u0627\u0626\u0645\u0627\u064b \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u064a\u0648\u0645\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062d\u0633\u0627\u0633 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0633\u0645\u0648 \u0648\u0645\u0633\u0627\u0621\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0648\u062c\u0647\u0629 \u0646\u0638\u0631 \u0645\u0648\u0636\u0648\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0636\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0634\u0627\u0639\u0631 \u0642\u0648\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0648\u0645\u0639\u0651\u0628\u0631\u0629.
\n\u064a\u064f\u0639\u062f \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0627\u0628 \u0645\u0647\u0645\u0627\u064b \u0644\u0643\u0644\u0651 \u0645\u0647\u062a\u0645 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0634\u0631\u064a\u0646\u060c \u0644\u064a\u0633 \u0641\u0642\u0637 \u0641\u064a\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0642 \u0628\u0623\u0641\u0643\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0627\u062a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0635\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0625\u0646\u0645\u0651\u0627 \u0623\u064a\u0636\u0627\u064b \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u062d\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e\u064a\u0629 \u062d\u064a\u062b \u064a\u062a\u0636\u0645\u0646\u060c \u0645\u0646 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u0648\u0627\u0636\u064a\u0639 \u0623\u062e\u0631\u0649\u060c \u0646\u0638\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0627\u062a\u0628 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u062f\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0628\u0631\u0644\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0627\u0631\u0642\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0633\u064a\u0645 \u0648\u0643\u064a\u0641 \u0631\u0623\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062b\u0642\u0641\u0648\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0643\u0644\u062a\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0647\u062a\u064a\u0646 \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0636\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0626\u0645.<\/p>\n\u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0643\u062a\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0646<\/h3>\n
\u0645\u0642\u0627\u064a\u064a\u0633 \u0646\u062c\u0627\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0635\u0631<\/h2>\n
<\/a>\u0643\u062a\u0627\u0628: 33 \u0641\u0646\u0627\u0646\u0627\u064b \u0641\u064a 3 \u0623\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0644 – \u062a\u0623\u0644\u064a\u0641: \u0633\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u062b\u0648\u0631\u0646\u062a\u0648\u0646
\n33Artists in 3 Acts by Sarah Thornton
\n\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u0634\u0631: W.W. Norton & Co (\u0646\u0648\u0641\u0645\u0628\u0631 2014)<\/strong>
\n
\n
\n
\n<\/a>\u0643\u062a\u0627\u0628: \u0637\u0631\u0642 \u0644\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0631: \u0643\u064a\u0641 \u0646\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0635\u0631 – \u062a\u0623\u0644\u064a\u0641: \u0623\u0648\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0631\u062f
\nWays of Looking: How to Experience Contemporary Art by Ossian Ward
\n\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u0634\u0631: Laurence King (\u0633\u0628\u062a\u0645\u0628\u0631 2014)<\/strong>
\n
\n
\n
\n\u0647\u0646\u0627\u0643 \u0645\u0646 \u064a\u0642\u0648\u0644 \u0625\u0646 \u0628\u0639\u0636 \u0623\u0634\u0643\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062c\u0627\u062d \u0642\u062f \u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0645\u0642\u0644\u0642\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u062d\u062a\u0649 \u0645\u0631\u0639\u0628\u0629. \u0648\u0633\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0627\u062d\u062f \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0634\u0631\u064a\u0646 \u0647\u0648 \u0648\u0627\u062d\u062f \u0645\u0646\u0647\u0627. \u0641\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u063a\u0645 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0646\u0651 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0648\u0642 \u064a\u0634\u0647\u062f \u0627\u0631\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0627\u064b \u062c\u0646\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0627\u064b \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0639\u0627\u0631 \u0648\u062a\u062e\u0645\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0631\u0636 \u0648\u062a\u062f\u0641\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0628\u0627\u0626\u0646\u060c \u0648\u0644\u0643\u0646\u0651 \u0647\u0648\u0627\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0646 \u0628\u0647 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0646 \u0644\u0647 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0650\u0651\u0645\u064a\u0646 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0639\u0627\u0631\u0636\u0647 \u0648\u062d\u062a\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0646\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0646 \u0623\u0646\u0641\u0633\u0647\u0645 \u064a\u0639\u0645\u0644\u0648\u0646 \u0628\u0642\u0644\u0642 \u0648\u0628\u062a\u0628\u0631\u064a\u0631 \u062f\u0627\u0626\u0645 \u0644\u0644\u0646\u062c\u0627\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u064a\u0634\u0647\u062f\u0648\u0646\u0647. \u0647\u0644 \u064a\u0639\u0648\u062f \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0646\u0651 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0635\u0631 \u062b\u0648\u0631\u064a \u0648\u063a\u0627\u0645\u0636\u061f \u0623\u0645 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0646\u0651\u0647 \u0641\u0627\u0631\u063a \u0648\u0633\u0637\u062d\u064a\u061f
\n\u0638\u0647\u0631 \u0645\u0624\u062e\u0631\u0627\u064b \u0643\u062a\u0627\u0628\u0627\u0646 \u062d\u0627\u0648\u0644\u0627 \u0625\u064a\u062c\u0627\u062f \u0645\u0639\u0646\u0649 \u0644\u0644\u0641\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645 \u00ab\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0636\u062e\u0645\u00bb \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u064a\u062d\u064a\u0637 \u0628\u0647.
\n\u0641\u064a \u0643\u062a\u0627\u0628\u0647 \u00ab\u0637\u0631\u0642 \u0644\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0631\u00bb\u060c \u064a\u0642\u0648\u0644 \u0648\u0627\u0631\u062f: \u0644\u0627 \u0623\u062d\u062f \u064a\u062d\u062a\u0627\u062c \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0639\u0631\u0641\u0629 \u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u0628\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0646 \u0623\u0648 \u0644\u062e\u0628\u0631\u0629 \u0641\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u062c\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0645\u062a\u0627\u0639 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0646. \u0641\u0643\u0644\u0651 \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u062d\u062a\u0627\u062c\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0631 \u0647\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0631\u064f\u0651\u0628 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u062a\u0627\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0646\u064a \u0628\u0639\u0642\u0644 \u0646\u064a\u0651\u0631 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0633\u0644\u064f\u0651\u062d \u0628\u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0633\u0645\u062d \u0628\u0627\u0633\u062a\u064a\u0639\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0635\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062d\u062a\u0643\u0627\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0637\u0648\u064e\u0651\u0644. \u0648\u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0648\u0651\u0644 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0648\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0642\u062a\u060c \u0623\u064a \u0623\u062e\u0630 \u0628\u0639\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0642\u062a \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0623\u0645\u0644 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0637\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0623\u0646 \u0646\u062f\u064a\u0631 \u0644\u0647\u0627 \u0638\u0647\u0631\u0646\u0627\u060c \u0648\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0627\u064b\u060c \u0625\u064a\u062c\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0637\u060c \u0623\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b \u0639\u0646 \u0645\u062f\u062e\u0644 \u0644\u0644\u0642\u0637\u0639\u0629 \u0643\u064a \u062a\u0646\u0641\u0630 \u0641\u064a\u0647 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0630\u0627\u062a\u0646\u0627 \u0648\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0643\u0634\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u063a\u0632\u0649 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0646\u0649 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0632\u0627\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u062d\u0631\u0643\u0647 \u062a\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0637\u0639\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644\u0646\u0627\u060c \u0648\u062b\u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u064b\u060c \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0644\u0641\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0639 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062e\u0644\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0637\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u062e\u0644\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0635\u0627\u062d\u0628\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u0642\u062f \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646\u0646\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0641\u0647\u0645\u0647\u0627 \u0648\u062a\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0631\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0623\u0641\u0636\u0644\u060c \u0648\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0639\u0627\u064b\u060c \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u064a\u064a\u0645\u060c \u062d\u064a\u062b \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646\u0646\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062d\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u0623\u0646 \u0646\u0643\u0648\u0651\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0637\u0628\u0627\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0627\u062a\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0625\u0639\u0637\u0627\u0621 \u0631\u0623\u064a\u0646\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0647\u0627\u0626\u064a \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0646\u064a.
\n\u0648\u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u062a\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0648\u0627\u062a \u062d\u0627\u0648\u0644 \u0648\u0627\u0631\u062f \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0644\u0647\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0645\u0646 14 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u0627\u064b \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u0627\u0647\u064a\u0645\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0635\u0631. \u0648\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0633\u0628\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644\u060c \u064a\u0642\u062f\u0651\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0646\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u0639\u0631\u0636\u0647 \u0645\u0627\u0631\u062a\u0646 \u0643\u0631\u064a\u062f \u0628\u0639\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0646 \u00ab\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0636\u0648\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0636\u064a\u0621 \u0648\u062a\u0646\u0637\u0641\u0626\u00bb\u060c \u0628\u0623\u0646\u0651\u0647 \u00ab\u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a \u0644\u0623\u064a \u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0641\u0646\u064a: \u0623\u064a \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0639\u0628\u0631 \u0639\u0646 \u0641\u0643\u0631\u0629 \u0645\u0639\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u062a\u0646\u0639\u0643\u0633 \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u062a\u0645\u062b\u064a\u0644 \u0645\u0631\u0626\u064a \u0644\u0634\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0628\u062f\u0627\u0639\u00bb. \u0623\u0645\u0651\u0627 \u0639\u0631\u0636 \u062f\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0646 \u0647\u064a\u0631\u0633\u062a \u00ab\u0644\u0644\u062c\u0645\u062c\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629\u00bb \u0628\u0639\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0646 \u00ab\u0631\u0623\u0641\u0629 \u0628\u0646\u0627\u00bb\u060c \u0641\u0647\u0648 \u064a\u0639\u0628\u0650\u0651\u0631 \u0639\u0646 \u0641\u0643\u0631\u0629 \u0623\u0646\u0651 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u0646\u0639\u064a\u0634 \u0641\u064a\u0647 \u0633\u0637\u062d\u064a \u062a\u062d\u0643\u0645\u0647 \u0623\u0633\u0648\u0627\u0642 \u062a\u0633\u064a\u0637\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062b\u0631\u064a\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u063a\u0627\u0629: \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u0623\u0646\u0651 \u0639\u0631\u0636 \u0633\u0648\u0641\u064a \u0643\u0627\u0644 \u0644\u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0633\u0627\u0626\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u064a\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0633\u0645\u062d \u0628\u0625\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0621 \u0646\u0638\u0631\u0629 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0628\u0627\u0634\u0631\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f.
\n\u0648\u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u064a\u0639\u0637\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0631\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0628\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062d\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0631\u0628\u0627\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u064a\u062f\u0648\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0641\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0635\u0631\u060c \u0648\u0644\u0643\u0646\u0651 \u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644\u0647 \u064a\u0638\u0647\u0631\u060c \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0642\u062a \u0646\u0641\u0633\u0647\u060c \u0628\u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0643\u0631\u0629 \u0648\u0644\u064a\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0647\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u064a\u0633\u064a\u0637\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0635\u0631\u060c \u0644\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0625\u0630\u0627 \u0645\u0627 \u062a\u0645\u0651 \u062a\u062c\u0631\u064a\u062f \u0646\u0638\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0627 \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u0627\u062b\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0628\u0648\u0627\u0628\u0629 \u0641\u0643\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0645\u0639\u0638\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u0627\u0647\u064a\u0645\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0635\u0631\u060c \u0641\u0625\u0646 \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u062a\u0628\u0642\u0649 \u0647\u0648 \u0645\u062c\u0631\u062f \u0641\u0631\u0627\u063a \u0648\u0633\u0637\u062d\u064a\u0629 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u064a\u0637\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0627\u062d\u062f \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0634\u0631\u064a\u0646.
\n\u0648\u062e\u0644\u0627\u0641\u0627\u064b \u0644\u0648\u0627\u0631\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u062d\u0627\u0648\u0644 \u062a\u0633\u0644\u064a\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0648\u0621 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0646\u0641\u0633\u0647\u0627 \u0648\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0644\u0647\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0645\u0646\u0647\u0627\u060c \u0630\u0647\u0628\u062a \u0633\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u062b\u0648\u0631\u0646\u062a\u0648\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0643\u062a\u0627\u0628\u0647\u0627 \u00ab33 \u0641\u0646\u0627\u0646\u0627\u064b \u0641\u064a 3 \u0623\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0644\u00bb \u0641\u064a \u0631\u062d\u0644\u0629 \u0648\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0648\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0633 \u0639\u0646\u062f \u0623\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0646\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u062c\u0644 \u00ab\u0623\u0646\u0633\u0646\u0629\u00bb \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0635\u0631 \u0648\u0625\u0632\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0645\u0648\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u064a\u062d\u064a\u0637 \u0628\u0647. \u0641\u0647\u064a \u062a\u0635\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0626 \u0628\u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0645\u0647\u0645\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0646\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0646\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0633\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0646\u062d\u0627\u062a\u064a\u0646 \u0648\u0623\u0633\u0627\u062a\u0630\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0646\u060c \u0648\u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0631\u0628 \u0645\u0646\u0647\u0645 \u062a\u0633\u062a\u0643\u0634\u0641 \u0645\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u064a\u0639\u0646\u064a\u0647 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u062e\u0635 \u0641\u0646\u0627\u0646\u0627\u064b \u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642\u064a\u0627\u064b. \u0648\u0642\u062f \u062a\u0631\u0643\u062a \u062a\u0648\u0631\u0646\u062a\u0648\u0646 \u0647\u0624\u0644\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0646\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0646 \u064a\u062a\u062d\u062f\u062b\u0648\u0646 \u0639\u0646 \u0623\u0646\u0641\u0633\u0647\u0645\u060c \u0641\u064a\u0642\u0648\u0644 \u062c\u064a\u0641 \u0643\u0648\u0646\u0632\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0646\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0631\u064a\u0643\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0648\u0641 \u0628\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0646\u0633\u0627\u062e\u0647 \u0644\u0644\u0623\u062c\u0633\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0631\u064a\u0628\u0629\u060c \u0628\u0623\u0646\u0651\u0647 \u064a\u0634\u0639\u0631 \u0644\u062f\u0649 \u0625\u0646\u062c\u0627\u0632\u0647 \u0623\u064a \u0642\u0637\u0639\u0629 \u0641\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u00ab\u0628\u0633\u0644\u0637\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062d\u0648\u0627\u0630\u00bb \u0648\u064a\u0642\u0648\u0644 \u0639\u0646 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0637\u0629 \u0628\u0623\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0647\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642\u064a\u0629\u060c \u00ab\u0647\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0646\u0649\u00bb. \u0623\u0645\u0651\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0633\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0646\u062d\u0627\u062a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u064a\u0627\u0628\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u064a\u0627\u064a\u0648 \u0643\u0648\u0633\u0627\u0645\u0627\u060c \u0641\u062a\u0639\u0628\u0631 \u0639\u0646 \u0625\u062d\u0633\u0627\u0633\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u0642\u0648\u0644\u0647\u0627 \u0625\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u062a\u0634\u0639\u0631 \u0628\u0623\u0646\u0651 \u00ab\u0643\u0644\u0651 \u0630\u0648\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0628\u062f\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0639\u064a\u0634 \u0628\u0627\u0646\u0633\u062c\u0627\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644\u0647\u0627\u00bb. \u0648\u062a\u0636\u064a\u0641 \u0628\u0623\u0646\u0651 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u062a \u0642\u0631\u064a\u0628 \u0648\u0623\u0646\u0651\u0647\u0627 \u0644\u0627 \u062a\u0634\u0639\u0631 \u062f\u0627\u0626\u0645\u0627\u064b \u0628\u0623\u0646\u0651\u0647\u0627 \u0641\u0646\u0627\u0646\u0629 \u0639\u0638\u064a\u0645\u0629 \u0644\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0641\u0647\u064a \u062a\u0628\u0642\u0649 \u0645\u0646\u063a\u0645\u0633\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0631\u0633\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0627. \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u0623\u0646\u0651 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062d\u0651\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u064a\u0637\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0648\u0641 \u0645\u0648\u0631\u0632\u064a\u0648 \u0643\u0627\u062a\u0644\u0627\u0646 \u0635\u0627\u062d\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u062d\u0648\u062a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u062e\u0631\u0629 \u064a\u0639\u062a\u0631\u0641 \u0628\u0623\u0646\u0651\u0647 \u00ab\u064a\u062a\u062d\u062f\u062b \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0648\u0631 \u0644\u0623\u0646\u0651\u0647 \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u062c\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0644\u0627\u0645\u060c \u0641\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627 \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0628\u064a\u0631 \u0628\u0648\u0627\u0633\u0637\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0644\u0627\u0645 \u064a\u0634\u0643\u0650\u0651\u0644 \u0625\u0639\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0644\u0647\u00bb\u060c \u0648\u0644\u0643\u0646\u0651\u0647\u060c \u064a\u0624\u0643\u062f \u0623\u0646\u0651 \u0623\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0644\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0633\u0627\u0639\u062f\u062a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0639\u0648\u064a\u0636\u0647 \u0639\u0646 \u0645\u0639\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a\u0647 \u0639\u0646\u062f\u0645\u0627 \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0635\u063a\u064a\u0631\u0627\u064b.
\n\u062a\u0633\u062a\u0646\u062a\u062c \u062b\u0648\u0631\u0646\u062a\u0648\u0646 \u0628\u0623\u0646\u0647 \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0648\u062c\u062f \u0647\u0646\u0627\u0643 \u0623\u064a \u0645\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 \u0645\u0648\u0636\u0648\u0639\u064a \u0644\u0644\u062c\u0648\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0646\u064a\u0629. \u0648\u0644\u0630\u0644\u0643\u060c \u0641\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0646\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646 \u0623\u0646\u0641\u0633\u0647\u0645 \u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a\u0646 \u064a\u062d\u062f\u062f\u0648\u0646 \u0645\u0639\u0627\u064a\u064a\u0631\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0635\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0645\u064a\u0632\u060c \u0648\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u062d\u0648\u064e\u0651\u0644\u062a \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0648\u062f\u064a\u0648\u0647\u0627\u062a \u0647\u0624\u0644\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0646\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0646 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0633\u0627\u0631\u062d \u062e\u0627\u0635\u0629 \u062a\u062a\u0645 \u0641\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u062a\u0645\u0631\u064a\u0646\u0627\u062a \u064a\u0648\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0641\u0633.
\n\u0648\u0645\u0647\u0645\u0627 \u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0628\u0627\u0628 \u0648\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0646\u062c\u0627\u062d\u0647\u0645\u060c \u0641\u0645\u0645\u0627 \u0644\u0627 \u0634\u0643 \u0641\u064a\u0647 \u0623\u0646\u0651 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0646\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0635\u0631\u064a\u0646 \u0623\u0635\u0628\u062d\u0648\u0627 \u0646\u0645\u0627\u0630\u062c \u0644\u0644\u0625\u0628\u062f\u0627\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0642\u0637\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u064a\u0631 \u0648\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0637\u0627\u0639\u0648\u0627 \u0628\u0642\u062f\u0631\u062a\u0647\u0645 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0625\u064a\u062c\u0627\u062f \u0633\u0648\u0642 \u0644\u0623\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0644\u0647\u0645 \u0648\u0623\u0641\u0643\u0627\u0631\u0647\u0645 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u062a\u062d\u0648\u064e\u0651\u0644\u0648\u0627 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0635\u062f\u0631 \u0625\u0644\u0647\u0627\u0645 \u0644\u0631\u062c\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u062a\u0631\u0639\u064a\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"\u0643\u062a\u0628 \u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0627\u062c\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062b\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0623\u0644\u064a\u0641: \u062d\u0633\u0646 \u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0647\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u0634\u0631: \u0627\u0644\u0647\u064a\u0626\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0644\u0642\u0635\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u0627\u0641\u0629\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0647\u0631\u0629 …","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_monsterinsights_skip_tracking":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_active":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_note":"","_monsterinsights_sitenote_category":0},"categories":[48],"tags":[],"acf":[],"jetpack_featured_media_url":"","_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/archive.qafilah.com\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/25617"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/archive.qafilah.com\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/archive.qafilah.com\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/archive.qafilah.com\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/archive.qafilah.com\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=25617"}],"version-history":[{"count":11,"href":"https:\/\/archive.qafilah.com\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/25617\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":25642,"href":"https:\/\/archive.qafilah.com\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/25617\/revisions\/25642"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/archive.qafilah.com\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=25617"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/archive.qafilah.com\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=25617"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/archive.qafilah.com\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=25617"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}